{"id":945,"date":"2025-12-15T23:23:20","date_gmt":"2025-12-15T22:23:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diarisanitat.cat\/extra\/?p=945"},"modified":"2025-12-15T23:23:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-15T22:23:21","slug":"la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diarisanitat.cat\/extra\/2025\/12\/15\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\/","title":{"rendered":"La contaminaci\u00f3 de l\u2019aire durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s s\u2019associa amb una maduraci\u00f3 cerebral m\u00e9s lenta dels nadons"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La mielinitzaci\u00f3 \u00e9s un proc\u00e9s clau en la maduraci\u00f3 del cervell, en qu\u00e8 la mielina recobreix les connexions neuronals i les fa eficients per a la transmissi\u00f3 d\u2019informaci\u00f3. Els nadons de mares exposades a nivells m\u00e9s alts de part\u00edcules fines en suspensi\u00f3 durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s mostren una mielinitzaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s lenta en aquesta etapa tan primerenca de la vida. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tant un alentiment com una acceleraci\u00f3 excessiva de la maduraci\u00f3 cerebral poden ser perjudicials per a l\u2019infant. Ara b\u00e9, encara queda per determinar si l\u2019efecte observat en aquest estudi tindr\u00e0 conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies negatives en les capacitats dels infants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La contaminaci\u00f3 analitzada inclou part\u00edcules molt petites, unes trenta vegades m\u00e9s primes que un cabell hum\u00e0, i que estan formades per elements nocius derivats del proc\u00e9s de combusti\u00f3 i compostos org\u00e0nics t\u00f2xics, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 per elements essencials per al desenvolupament cerebral, com el ferro, el coure o el zinc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per aix\u00f2, encara cal investigar com afecta cadascun d\u2019aquests components al desenvolupament del cervell dels nadons. En aquest sentit, segons explica Gerard Mart\u00ednez-Vilavella, investigador de la Unitat de Resson\u00e0ncia Magn\u00e8tica del Servei de Radiologia de l\u2019Hospital del Mar, integrat a la xarxa dibi, i de l\u2019Institut de Recerca de l\u2019Hospital del Mar, “a l\u2019estudi veiem que el proc\u00e9s de mielinitzaci\u00f3, un indicador de maduraci\u00f3 cerebral que avan\u00e7a progressivament amb el temps, presenta un ritme m\u00e9s lent en els nadons m\u00e9s exposats a PM2.5 durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica al primer mes de vida<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Per portar a terme l\u2019estudi es van reclutar dones embarassades en seguiment a l\u2019Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, l\u2019Hospital de Sant Pau i l\u2019Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Es van monitorar els nivells de contaminants atmosf\u00e8rics als quals estaven exposades durant la gestaci\u00f3 i, despr\u00e9s del part, es van seleccionar 132 nadons. A aquests se\u2019ls va realitzar una resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica abans de complir el primer mes de vida per observar el grau de maduraci\u00f3 cerebral segons els seus nivells de mielinitzaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els resultats mostren una correlaci\u00f3 clara entre una major exposici\u00f3 materna a PM2.5 durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s i una menor mielinitzaci\u00f3 en el cervell dels nadons. “La contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica, concretament les PM2.5, s\u2019associa amb una alteraci\u00f3 en el proc\u00e9s de mielinitzaci\u00f3, un mecanisme essencial de maduraci\u00f3 cerebral. Per aix\u00f2 cal continuar controlant la contaminaci\u00f3 i estudiar com aquest alentiment pot influir en el desenvolupament posterior del cervell dels infants”, expressa Mart\u00ednez-Vilavella.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El treball tamb\u00e9 indica que aquest efecte respon a la combinaci\u00f3 dels diferents elements que formen les PM2.5, sense que se\u2019n pugui identificar un d\u2019\u00fanic com a responsable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Dr. Jes\u00fas Pujol, cap de la Unitat de Resson\u00e0ncia Magn\u00e8tica del Servei de Radiologia de l\u2019Hospital del Mar, afegeix que “en la primera etapa de la vida, els canvis en el cervell s\u00f3n grans i complexos. Tant l\u2019alentiment excessiu com l\u2019acceleraci\u00f3 de la maduraci\u00f3 cerebral poden ser perjudicials per a l\u2019infant. Per\u00f2 queda per determinar si l\u2019efecte observat \u00e9s necess\u00e0riament nociu.\u00a0Aquest estudi obre un camp de recerca de gran inter\u00e8s per establir quina \u00e9s la velocitat \u00f2ptima de maduraci\u00f3 cerebral durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s i fins a quin punt la mare i la placenta actuen com a filtres efectius per protegir i optimitzar aquest proc\u00e9s”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per la seva banda, l\u2019investigador d\u2019ISGlobal Jordi Sunyer, sost\u00e9 que “les troballes en aquests nadons nascuts a Barcelona despr\u00e9s de la primera fase de la zona de baixes emissions ens alerten que no podem defallir en els plans de descontaminar les ciutats. Cal fer m\u00e9s passes endavant per assolir els nous criteris de qualitat de l’aire”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pujol J, Mart\u00ednez-Vilavella G, G\u00f3mez-Herrera L, Rivas I, G\u00f3mez-Roig MD, Llurba E, Blanco-Hinojo L, Cirach M, Persavento C, Querol X, Gasc\u00f3n M, Foraster M, Gispert JD, Falc\u00f3n C, Deus J, Dadvand P, Sunyer J. Unraveling the impact of prenatal air pollution for neonatal brain maturation. Environ Int. 2025 Sep 18;204:109801. doi: 10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109801<\/a>. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40986980.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un estudi publicat a la revista “Environment International” conclou que la contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s s\u2019associa amb una maduraci\u00f3 cerebral m\u00e9s lenta en els nadons. Es tracta del primer treball que ha analitzat en el primer mes de vida el seu desenvolupament cerebral i sorgeix de la col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 entre investigadors de l\u2019Hospital del Mar, de l\u2019Institut de Salut Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal), centre impulsat per la Fundaci\u00f3 \u201dla Caixa\u201d, i de l\u2019\u00e0rea d\u2019Epidemiologia i Salut P\u00fablica del CIBER (CIBERESP).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":947,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[82,83,85,84,24],"tipo":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-945","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-recerca","8":"tag-hospital-clinic","9":"tag-hospital-de-sant-pau","10":"tag-hospital-del-mar","11":"tag-hospital-sant-joan-de-deu","12":"tag-recerca"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa contaminaci\u00f3 de l\u2019aire durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s s\u2019associa amb una maduraci\u00f3 cerebral m\u00e9s lenta dels nadons - Extra Sanitat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/diarisanitat.cat\/extra\/2025\/12\/15\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La contaminaci\u00f3 de l\u2019aire durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s s\u2019associa amb una maduraci\u00f3 cerebral m\u00e9s lenta dels nadons - Extra Sanitat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un estudi publicat a la revista "Environment International" conclou que la contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s s\u2019associa amb una maduraci\u00f3 cerebral m\u00e9s lenta en els nadons. Es tracta del primer treball que ha analitzat en el primer mes de vida el seu desenvolupament cerebral i sorgeix de la col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 entre investigadors de l\u2019Hospital del Mar, de l\u2019Institut de Salut Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal), centre impulsat per la Fundaci\u00f3 \u201dla Caixa\u201d, i de l\u2019\u00e0rea d\u2019Epidemiologia i Salut P\u00fablica del CIBER (CIBERESP).\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/diarisanitat.cat\/extra\/2025\/12\/15\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Extra Sanitat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-15T22:23:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-15T22:23:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/diarisanitat.cat\/extra\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/68e6742ce90ad.r_d.1500-1000-2877.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"863\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"538\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Redacci\u00f3\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Redacci\u00f3\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/15\\\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/15\\\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Redacci\u00f3\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/397c30828c8fdc1bad991e97f853e854\"},\"headline\":\"La contaminaci\u00f3 de l\u2019aire durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s s\u2019associa amb una maduraci\u00f3 cerebral m\u00e9s lenta dels nadons\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-15T22:23:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-15T22:23:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/15\\\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":729,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/15\\\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/68e6742ce90ad.r_d.1500-1000-2877.jpeg\",\"keywords\":[\"Hospital Cl\u00ednic\",\"Hospital de Sant Pau\",\"Hospital del Mar\",\"Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u\",\"Recerca\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Recerca\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/15\\\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/15\\\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/diarisanitat.cat\\\/extra\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/15\\\/la-contaminacio-de-laire-durant-lembaras-sassocia-amb-una-maduracio-cerebral-mes-lenta-dels-nadons\\\/\",\"name\":\"La contaminaci\u00f3 de l\u2019aire durant l\u2019embar\u00e0s s\u2019associa amb una maduraci\u00f3 cerebral m\u00e9s lenta dels nadons - 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